Combretaceae

From Palaeos

Parent taxa: Rosidae, Myrtales.

Description: (from University of Hawaii) Trees, shrubs or lianas. Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, entire; stipules small or absent. Flowers mostly bisexual, usually actinomorphic. Perianth arises from near summit of tubular epigynous zone; calyx of usually 4 or 5 distinct or slightly connate sepals; [[corolla] of usually 4 or 5 distinct petals (occassionally absent). Androecium of 4-10 stamens adnate to epigynous zone, commonly in two cycles, often strongly exserted. Gynoecium a single compound pistil of 2-5 carpels; single style and stigma; ovary inferior, with one locule containing 2-6 apical ovules pendulous on long funiculi. Nectary usually a disk above ovary. Pollen heterocolpate (Morley & Dick, 2003). Fruit 1-seeded drupe (sometimes capsule or samara), often flattened, ribbed or winged.

Distribution: Pantropical and sub-tropical, but fossils have been assigned to this family from temperate localities [1].

Taxonomy

<==Combretaceae
   |--Strephonema [Strephonematoideae]
   |--Bucida buceras
   |--Conocarpus erecta
   |--Laguncularia racemosa
   |--Pteleopsis
   |--Thiloa
   |--Combretum [Combretoideae]
   |    `--C. nigrescens
   |--Lumnitzera
   |    |--L. littorea [incl. L. coccinea]
   |    `--L. racemosa
   |--Terminalia
   |    |--T. alata
   |    |--T. bialata
   |    |--T. carpentariae
   |    |--T. catappa
   |    |--T. myriocarpa
   |    `--T. radobojensis
   `--Quisqualis
        |--Q. indica
        `--Q. malabarica Bedd. 1874

* Type species of generic name indicated

Links

Combretaceae - description by M. Watson & M. J. Dallwitz

University of Hawaii - Combretaceae

References

Gopalakrishna Bhat, K. 2002. Additions to the flora of Karnataka. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 566-567.

Heads, M. 2003. Ericaceae in Malesia: Vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology. Telopea 10 (1): 311-449.

Hore, U., & V. P. Uniyal. 2008. Diversity and composition of spider assemblages in five vegetation types of the Terai Conservation Area, India. Journal of Arachnology 36 (2): 251-258.

Kulip, J. 2003. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal and other useful plants of Muruts in Sabah, Malaysia. Telopea 10 (1): 81-98.

Morley, R. J., & C. W. Dick. 2003. Missing fossils, molecular clocks, and the origin of the Melastomataceae. American Journal of Botany 90: 1638-1644.

Polunin, I. 1988. Plants and Flowers of Malaysia. Times Editions: Singapore.

Sadlier, R. A. 1985. A new Australian scincid lizard, Ctenotus coggeri, from the Alligator Rivers region, Northern Territory. Records of the Australian Museum 36: 153-156.

Snyder, N. F. R., J. W. Wiley & C. B. Kepler. 1987. The Parrots of Luquillo: Natural history and conservation of the Puerto Rican parrot. Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology: Los Angeles.

Squinabol, S. 1889. Res Ligusticae. VII. – Cenno preliminare sulla flora fossile di Santa Giustina. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Serie 2a 7: 73-76.

Thorne, R. F. 2000. The classification and geography of the flowering plants: Dicotyledons of the class Angiospermae (subclasses Magnoliidae, Ranunculidae, Caryophyllidae, Dilleniidae, Rosidae, Asteridae, and Lamiidae). The Botanical Review 66: 441-647.

Yahya, H. S. A., & A. A. Zarri. 2002. Status, ecology and behaviour of Narcondam hornbill (Aceros narcondami) in Narcondam Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 434-445.

Yampolsky, C., & H. Yampolsky. 1922. Distribution of sex forms in the phanerogamic flora. Bibliotheca Genetica 3: 1-62.

Credits

Christopher 06:16, 21 March 2009 (UTC)