Enterogona

From Palaeos

<==Enterogona
   |--Aplousobranchiata
   |    |--Clavelina [Clavelinidae]
   |    |    `--C. lepadiformis
   |    |--Didemnum [Didemnidae]
   |    |    `--D. candidum
   |    `--Polyclinidae
   |         |--Parascidia turbinata (see below for synonymy)
   |         `--Amaroucium
   |              |--A. constellatum
   |              `--A. pellucidum
   `--Phlebobranchiata
        |--Diazonidae
        |--Perophora [Perophoridae]
        |    `--P. listeri
        |--Agnesia Michaelsen 1898 [Agnesiidae]
        |    `--A. tenue Monniot & Monniot 1983
        |--Ciona [Cionidae]
        |    |--C. intestinalis
        |    `--C. savignyi
        |--Corellidae
        |    |--Dextrogaster Monniot 1962
        |    |    `--D. suecica Monniot 1962
        |    `--Corella Alder & Hancock 1870
        |         |--C. halli Kott 1951
        |         `--C. parallellogramma
        `--Ascidiidae
             |--Psammascidia Monniot 1962
             |    `--P. teissieri Monniot 1962
             `--Ascidia
                  |--A. callosa
                  |--A. canina
                  |--A. ceratodes
                  |--A. mentula Müller 1776
                  `--A. nigra

Parascidia turbinata [=Sydnium turbinatum; incl. Circinalium concrescens, Parascidia flemingi, Pa. forbesi, Amaroucium rubicondum, Polyclinum succineum]

* Type species of generic name indicated

References

Barel, C. D. N., & P. G. N. Kramers. 1977. A survey of the echinoderm associates of the north-east Atlantic area. Zoologische Verhandelingen 156: 1-159.

Buss, L. W. 1979. Habitat selection, directional growth and spatial refuges: Why colonial animals have more hiding places. In Biology and Systematics of Colonial Organisms (G. Larwood & B. R. Rosen, eds.) pp. 459-497. Academic Press: London.

Cameron, C. B., J. R. Garey & B. J. Swalla. 2000. Evolution of the chordate body plan: New insights from phylogenetic analyses of deuterostome phyla. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 97 (9): 4469-4474.

Castro, P., & M. E. Huber. 1997. Marine Biology, 2nd ed. WCB McGraw-Hill: Boston.

Jiménez-Guri, E., H. Philippe, B. Okamura & P. W. H. Holland. 2007. Buddenbrockia is a cnidarian worm. Science 317: 116-118.

Kozloff, E. N. 1992. The genera of the phylum Orthonectida. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 33: 377-406.

Monniot, F. 1962. Recherches sur les graviers a Amphioxus de la région de Banyuls-sur-Mer. Vie et Milieu 13: 231-322.

Monniot, F. 1986. Urochordata = Tunicata: Les ascidies interstitielles. In Stygofauna Mundi: A Faunistic, Distributional, and Ecological Synthesis of the World Fauna inhabiting Subterranean Waters (including the Marine Interstitial) (L. Botosaneanu, ed.) pp. 705-708. E. J. Brill / Dr. W. Backhuys: Leiden.

Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology (3rd ed.) Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

Sabbadin, A. 1979. Colonial structure and genetic patterns in ascidians. In Biology and Systematics of Colonial Organisms (G. Larwood & B. R. Rosen, eds.) pp. 433-444. Academic Press: London.

Williamson, D. I. 2001. Larval transfer and the origins of larvae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 131: 111-122.

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CKT071226