Lepidoptera

From Palaeos

<==Lepidoptera [Aglossata, Heterocera, Homoneura, Laciniata, Microlepidoptera, Papilionida]
   |  i. s.: Galleria melonella
   |         Spodoptera
   |           |--S. exigua
   |           |--S. frugiperda
   |           |--S. littoralis
   |           `--S. litura
   |         Cydia
   |           |--C. molesta
   |           `--C. pomonella
   |         Cactoblastis cactorum
   |         Nephantis serinopa
   |         Anticarsia gemmatalis
   |         Corcyra
   |         Archaeolepis mane
   |         Pseudorthophlebia
   |         Nannotrichopteron
   |         Pararchitaulius
   |         Parataulius
   |         Archiptilia
   |         Liadoptilia
   |         Metarchitaulius
   |         Epididontus
   |         Bucculatrix [Bucculatricidae]
   |         Vogtia malloi
   |         Bradypodicola
   |         Monema flavescens
   |         Sitotroga cerealella
   |         Diataraxia oleracea
   |         Schoenobius
   |         Mamestra brassicae
   |         Bupalus piniarius
   |         Operophtera brumata
   |         Artona catoxantha
   |         Biston betularia
   |         Carpocapsa pomonella
   |         Laspeyresia pomonella
   |         Depressariidae
   |           |--Agonopterix alstromeriana
   |           `--Depressaria
   |                |--D. daucella
   |                |--D. depressella
   |                `--D. pastinacella Retzius 1783
   |         Morovia subfasciata
   |         Comostolopsis germana
   |         Orgyia
   |           |--O. antiqua
   |           |--O. pseudotsugata
   |           `--O. thyellina
   |         Oporabia autumnata
   |         Nemeophila plantaginis
   |         Dicranura
   |           |--D. erminea
   |           `--D. vinula
   |         Pygaera
   |           |--P. anachoreta
   |           |--P. curtula
   |           `--P. pigra
   |         Fabriciana nerippe (Felder & Felder 1862)
   |         Oeneis
   |           |--O. melissa
   |           |    |--O. m. melissa
   |           |    `--O. m. daisetsuzana Matsumura 1926
   |           `--O. norna
   |                |--O. n. norna
   |                |--O. n. asamana Matsumura 1919
   |                `--O. n. sugitanii Shirôzu 1952
   |         Ochlodes
   |           |--O. asahinai Shirôzu 1964
   |           `--O. subhyalina
   |         Luehdorfia
   |           |--L. japonica Leech 1889
   |           `--L. puziloi
   |                |--L. p. puziloi
   |                |--L. p. inexpectata Sheljuzhko 1913
   |                `--L. p. yessoensis Rothschild 1918
   |         Shijimia moorei (Leech 1889)
   |         Panchala ganesa
   |           |--P. g. ganesa
   |           `--P. g. loomisi (Pryer 1886)
   |         Celastrina ogasawaraensis Pryer 1883
   |         Coreana raphaelis
   |           |--C. r. raphaelis
   |           `--C. r. yamamotoi Okano 1953
   |         Spindasis takanonis (Matsumura 1906)
   |         Vacciniina optilete
   |           |--V. o. optilete
   |           `--V. o. daisetsuzana (Matsumura 1926)
   |         Hestina assimilis
   |           |--H. a. assimilis
   |           `--H. a. shirakii Shirôzu 1955
   |         Parnara ogasawaraensis Matsumura 1906
   |         Cymatophoropsis trimaculata (Bremer 1861)
   |         Sinocharis korbae Püngeler 1912
   |         Carterocephalus palaemon
   |           |--C. p. palaemon
   |           `--C. p. satakei (Matsumura 1919)
   |         Edith editha
   |         Dendrolimus spectabilis
   |         Autographa californica
   |         Trichoplusia ni
   |         Hedylepta
   |           |--H. euryprora
   |           |--H. fullawayi
   |           |--H. meyricki
   |           `--H. musicola
   |         Loxostege frustalis
   |         Panolis flammea
   |         Cosmosoma myrodora
   |         Eolepidopterigoidea [Eolepidopterigina]
   |           |--Undopterix [Undopterigidae]
   |           |    `--U. sukatshevae
   |           `--Eolepidopterigidae
   |                |--Eolepidopterix jurassica
   |                `--Daiopterix olgae
   |         Agrodiaetus damocles
   |           |--A. d. damocles
   |           `--A. d. rossicus
   |         Pseudaletia separata
   |         Gnorimoschema operculella
   |         Coscinera hercules
   |         Epicopeia [Epicopeidae]
   |           |--E. caroli
   |           `--E. polydora
   |--+--Agathiphaga [Agathiphagidae, Agathiphagina, Agathiphagoidea]
   |  |    `--A. queenslandensis
   |  `--+--Glossata
   |     `--Heterobathmia [Heterobathmiidae, Heterobathmiina, Heterobathmioidea]
   |          `--H. pseueriocrania
   `--Micropterigidae [Micropterigina, Micropterigoidea, Zeugloptera]
        |--Aulipterix mirabilis
        |--Karataunia lapidaria
        |--Sabatinca zonodoxa
        |--Epimartyria auricrinella
        |--Palaeomicra chalcophanes
        `--Micropterix calthella

* Type species of genus indicated

[edit] References

Als, T. D., R. Vila, N. P. Kandul, D. R. Nash, S.-H. Yen, Y.-F. Hsu, A. A. Mignault, J. J. Boomsma & N. E. Pierce. 2004. The evolution of alternative parasitic life histories in large blue butterflies. Nature 432: 386-390.

Askew, R. R. 1971. Parasitic Insects. Heinemann Educational Books: London.

Briese, D. T., & J. M. Cullen. 2001. The use and usefulness of mites in biological control of weeds. In Acarology: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress (R. B. Halliday, D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff, eds.) pp. 453-463. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

Campbell, N. A. 1996. Biology (4th ed.) The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.: Menlo Park (California).

Corpuz-Raros, L. A. 2002. Philippine acarine biological control agents: Status, bioecology and research prospects. Philippine Agricultural Scientist 85 (2): 137-154.

Crawford, R. L. 1992. Catalogue of the genera and type species of the harvestman superfamily Phalangioidea (Arachnida). Burke Museum Contributions in Anthropology and Natural History 8: 1-60.

Crowder, J. P. 1974. Exotic Plant Pests of South Florida. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife (USA).

Daugherty, C. H., G. W. Gibbs & R. A. Hitchmough. 1993. Mega-island or micro-continent? New Zealand and its fauna. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8 (12): 437-442.

Davis, D. R., & P. Gentili. 2003. Andesianidae, a new family of monotrysian moths (Lepidoptera: Andesianoidea) from South America. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 15-26.

Dickens, M., & E. Storey. 1973. The World of Moths. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.: New York.

Dobzhansky, T. 1937. Genetics and the Origin of Species. Columbia University Press: New York.

Dobzhansky, T. 1951. Genetics and the Origin of Species, 3rd ed. Columbia University Press: New York.

Edwards, E. D. 2003. A review of the genus Eriogenes Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae: Stenomatinae) in Australia. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 67-73.

Forster, R., & L. Forster. 1999. Spiders of New Zealand and their World-wide Kin. University of Otago Press: Dunedin (New Zealand).

Futuyma, D. J., & G. C. Mayer. 1980. Non-allopatric speciation in animals. Systematic Zoology 29 (3): 254-271.

Giordano, R., J. J. Jackson & H. M. Robertson. 1997. The role of Wolbachia bacteria in reproductive incompatibilities and hybrid zones of Diabrotica beetles and Gryllus crickets. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 94: 11439-11444.

Gould, S. J. 1980. Is a new and general theory of evolution emerging? Paleobiology 6: 119-130.

Griffiths, A. J. F., J. H. Miller, D. T. Suzuki, R. C. Lewontin & W. M. Gelbart. 1996. An Introduction to Genetic Analysis (6th ed.) W. H. Freeman and Company: New York.

Gupta, S. K. 2001. A conspectus of natural enemies of phytophagous mites and mites as potential biocontrol agents of agricultural pests in India. In Acarology: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress (R. B. Halliday, D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff, eds.) pp. 484-497. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

Harris, A. C. 2004. Range extensions of Ancistrocerus gazella (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae) and Myomantis caffra (Mantodea: Mantidae). Weta 27: 31-32.

Heads, M. 2003. Ericaceae in Malesia: Vicariance biogeography, terrane tectonics and ecology. Telopea 10 (1): 311-449.

Helson, G. A. H. 1974. Insect Pests: Identification, life history, and control of pests of farms, horticulture, gardens, and public health. A. R. Shearer, Government Printer: Wellington (New Zealand).

Hoare, R. J. B., & J. S. Dugdale. 2003. Description of the New Zealand incurvarioid Xanadoses nielseni, gen. nov., sp. nov. and placement in Cecidosidae (Lepidoptera). Invertebrate Systematics 17: 47-57.

Hokkanen, H. M. T. 1991. Trap cropping in pest management. Annual Review of Entomology 36: 119-138.

Howarth, F. G. 1991. Environmental impacts of classical biological control. Annual Review of Entomology 36: 485-509.

Iwahashi, J. (ed.). 1992. Reddo Deeta Animarusu: a pictorial of Japanese fauna facing extinction. JICC: Tokyo.

James, D. G. 2001. History and perspectives of biological mite control in Australian horticulture using exotic and native phytoseiids. In Acarology: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress (R. B. Halliday, D. E. Walter, H. C. Proctor, R. A. Norton & M. J. Colloff, eds.) pp. 436-443. CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.

Jiménez-Pérez, A., Q. Wang & N. Markwick. 2004. Intrinsic rate of increase in ‘Cnephasia’ jactatana Walker (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a pest of kiwifruit. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 109-112.

Kozlov, M. V., V. D. Ivanov & A. P. Rasnitsyn. 2002. Order Lepidoptera Linné, 1758. The butterflies and moths (=Papilionida Laicharting, 1781). In History of Insects (A. P. Rasnitsyn & D. L. J. Quicke, eds.) pp. 220-227. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

Kuzio, J., M. N. Pearson, S. H. Harwood, C. J. Funk, J. T. Evans, J. M. Slavicek & G. F. Rohrmann. 1999. Sequence and analysis of the genome of a baculovirus pathogenic for Lymantria dispar. Virology 253: 17-34.

Levins, R., & B. B. Schultz. 1996. Effects of density dependence, feedback and environmental sensitivity on correlations among predators, prey and plant resources: Models and practical implications. Journal of Animal Ecology 65: 802-812.

Martin, N. A. 1983. Miscellaneous observations on a pasture fauna: An annotated species list. DSIR Entomology Division Report 3: 1-98.

Mayr, E. 1947. Ecological factors in speciation. Evolution 1: 263-288.

McQuillan, P. B. 2003. The giant Tasmanian ‘pandani’ moth Proditrix nielseni, sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutoidea: Plutellidae s. l.). Invertebrate Systematics 17: 59-66.

Miliczky, E. R., & C. O. Calkins. 2002. Spiders (Araneae) as potential predators of leafroller larvae and egg masses (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in central Washington apple and pear orchards. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 78 (2): 140-150.

Nieukerken, E. J. van, & C. van der Berg. 2003. A new Stigmella feeding on Urticaceae from Guam: First records of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from Micronesia and Polynesia. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 27-37.

Oberprieler, R. G., W. A. Nässig & E. D. Edwards. 2003. Ebbepterote, a new genus for the Australian ‘Eupterote’ expansa (T. P. Lucas), with a revised classification of the family Eupterotidae (Lepoidoptera). Invertebrate Systematics 17: 99-110.

Patrick, B. 2004. Parsnip moth established in New Zealand. Weta 27: 8-12.

Patrick, B., H. Patrick & E. Edwards. 2003. Tiger moths and pheromones. Weta 25: 14-17.

Powell, A. W. B. 1966. The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae: An evaluation of the valid taxa, both Recent and fossil, with lists of characteristic species. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum 5: 1-184, pl. 1-23.

Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology (3rd ed.) Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

Schröder, H. 1955. Saturniiden aus El Salvador (Ins. Lep. Heterocera). Senckenbergiana Biologica 36: 209-213.

Simberloff, D., & P. Stilling. 1996. How risky is biological control? Ecology 77 (7): 1965-1974.

Terry, M. D., & M. F. Whiting. 2005. Mantophasmatodea and phylogeny of the lower neopterous insects. Cladistics 21: 240-257.

Tromans, A. 2001. The alkaloid defence. Nature 409: 28.

Tsurusaki, N. 2007. The Chugoku Mountains – a hotspot of geographical differentiation of species. Taxa 22: 3-14.

Vane-Wright, R. I., & H. Fermon. 2003. Taxonomy and identification of Lohora Moore (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae), the Sulawesi bush browns. Invertebrate Systematics 17: 129-141.

Waterhouse, B. M. 2003. Know your enemy: Recent records of potentially serious weeds in northern Australia, Papua New Guinea and Papua (Indonesia). Telopea 10 (1): 477-485.

Weissman, D. B. 2001. North and Central America Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae): Taxonomy, distribution, life cycle, ecology and related biology of the American species. In The Biology of Wetas, King Crickets and Their Allies (L. H. Field, ed.) pp. 57-72. CABI Publishing: Wallingford (UK).

Wiegmann, B. M., J. C. Regier & C. Mitter. 2002. Combined molecular and morphological evidence on the phylogeny of the earliest lepidopteran lineages. Zoologica Scripta 31 (1): 67-81.

Winks, C. J., S. V. Fowler & L. A. Smith. 2004. Invertebrate fauna of boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera (L.) T. Norl. (Asteraceae: Calenduleae), an invasive weed in New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 27: 61-72.

Zherikhin, V. V. 2002. Insect trace fossils. In History of Insects (A. P. Rasnitsyn & D. L. J. Quicke, eds.) pp. 303-324. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.

Credits

CKT070826