Passeroidea

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<==Passeroidea
   |  i. s.: Iridosornis analis
   |--Promeropidae
   |    |--Promerops Brisson 1760 [incl. Ptiloturus Swainson 1836; Promeropinae, Ptiloturidae]
   |    |    `--*P. cafer
   |    `--+--Arcanator orostruthus
   |       `--Modulatrix stictigula
   `--+--+--Nectariniidae
      |  `--Dicaeidae [Dicaeinae]
      |       |--Dicaeum
      |       `--Paramythia De Vis 1892 [Paramythiinae]
      |--Irenidae [Chloropseidae]
      |    |--Irena Horsfield 1821
      |    |    |--I. cyanogaster
      |    |    `--I. puella
      |    `--Chloropsis Jardine & Selby 1827 [incl. Phyllornis Temminck 1829]
      |         |--C. aurifrons
      |         |--C. cochinchinensis
      |         `--C. hardwickii
      |              |--C. h. hardwickii
      |              `--C. h. melliana
      `--+--+--Peucedramus Henshaw 1875 [Peucedramidae, Peucedraminae]
         |  |    `--P. taeniatus
         |  `--Prunella Vieillot 1816 (see below for synonymy)
         |       |--P. collaris
         |       |--P. modularis
         |       |    |--P. m. modularis
         |       |    `--P. m. occidentalis (Hartert 1910)
         |       |--P. montanella
         |       `--P. rubida
         `--+--+--Ploceidae
            |  `--Estrildidae
            `--+--Motacillidae
               |--Passeridae [Passerinae]
               |    |--Petronia xanthocollis
               |    |--Montifringilla Brehm 1828
               |    |    `--M. nivalis
               |    `--Passer Brisson 1760
               |         |--P. domesticus (Linnaeus 1758)
               |         |--P. montanus
               |         `--P. rutilans
               `--+--Fringillidae
                  `--+--+--+--+--Thraupidae
                     |  |  |  `--Emberizidae
                     |  |  `--+--Parulidae
                     |  |     `--Icteridae
                     |  `--Cardinalinae [Cardinalini, Richmondeninae]
                     |       |  i. s.: Cyanocompsa cyanoides
                     |       |         Pitylus Cuvier 1829 [Pitylinae]
                     |       |         Cardinalis Bonaparte 1838 (see below for synonymy)
                     |       |           |--*C. cardinalis (see below for synonymy)
                     |       |           `--‘Pyrrhuloxia’ sinuata
                     |       |         Loxigilla portoricensis
                     |       |           |--L. p. portoricensis
                     |       |           `--L. p. grandis
                     |       |         Paroaria
                     |       |           |--P. coronata
                     |       |           |--P. cucullata
                     |       |           `--P. gularis
                     |       |         Habia
                     |       |           |--H. budoviciana
                     |       |           `--H. rubica
                     |       |         Chlorothraupis
                     |       |--+--Piranga
                     |       |  |    |--P. flava
                     |       |  |    |--P. ludoviciana
                     |       |  |    `--P. olivacea
                     |       |  `--Pheucticus Reichenbach 1850 [Pheucticinae]
                     |       |       `--P. ludovicianus
                     |       `--+--Spiza Bonaparte 1824 [Spizinae]
                     |          |    `--S. americana
                     |          `--Passerina Vieillot 1816 (see below for synonymy)
                     |               |--‘Guiraca’ caerulea
                     |               |    |--G. c. caerulea
                     |               |    `--G. c. lazula
                     |               |--P. ciris
                     |               `--P. cyanea
                     `--+--Plectrophenax Stejneger 1882 [Plectrophenacinae]
                        |    `--P. nivalis
                        |         |--P. n. nivalis
                        |         `--P. n. townsendi
                        `--Calcarius Bechstein 1802 [Calcariinae]
                             |--C. lapponicus
                             |--C. ornatus
                             `--C. pictus

Cardinalis Bonaparte 1838 [incl. Pyrrhuloxia Bonaparte 1851, Richmondena Matthews & Iredale 1918; Pyrrhuloxiinae]

*Cardinalis cardinalis [=Pyrrhuloxia cardinalis, Richmondena cardinalis]

Passerina Vieillot 1816 [incl. Coccoborus Swainson 1837, Cyanospiza Baird 1858, Guiraca Swainson 1827; Coccoborinae, Cyanospizinae, Guiracinae]

Prunella Vieillot 1816 [incl. Accentor Bechstein 1802 non Bechstein 1797; Prunellidae]

* Type species of generic name indicated

References

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Santharam, V. 2002. Fruit and nectar resources in a moist deciduous forest and their use by birds – a preliminary report. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 99 (3): 537-543.

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Wild Bird Society of Japan. 1982. A Field Guide to the Birds of Japan. Kodansha International Ltd.: Tokyo.

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Credits

Christopher 02:13, 12 August 2008 (PDT)

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