Pezizomycotina

From Palaeos

See Ascomycota and Pezizomycotina to find out what has been written previously on Palaeos about Pezizomycotina and Euascomycetes.

Phylogeny

Note that the phylogeny given below, which is a molecular phylogeny largely taken from Miadlikowska and Lutzoni (2004), differs significantly from that on the Palaeos.com pages referred to above.

Contrary to what was implied on those pages, the multiple name changes that have happened (and are, unfortunately, still happening) in ascomycete systematics do not derive from the adoption of molecular phylogenies, but are the result of broadening the coverage of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. Unlike the Zoological Code, which only covers taxa up to family rank, the Botanical Code covers all higher taxa, up to and including the rank of division (equivalent to phylum). Names that are based on a type genus (such as Pezizomycotina) are regarded as preferable to names that are not (such as Euascomycotina). Also, the concept of rank in classification, while it has been reduced in significance in zoology, is still quite strongly adhered to in botany. There can be significant issues with tying names to ranks rather than direct concepts, when different authors place different clades at different ranks. For instance, the class Sordariomycetes of Miadlikowska and Lutzoni (2004) corresponds to the classes Sordariomycetes + Arthoniomycetes + Dothideomycetes of Eriksson et al. (2003), while the class Sordariomycetes referred to there becomes the subclass Sordariomycetidae. Similarly, the Lecanoromycetes has expanded to include the Chaetothyriomycetes and Eurotiomycetes, with the latter two collapsed within a single subclass Eurotiomycetidae. If you're thoroughly confused by now, you're probably no worse off than the rest of us.

<==Pezizomycotina (see below for synonymy)
   |  i. s.: Hyphozyma
   |           |--H. lignicola
   |           |--H. roseonigra
   |           |--H. sanguinea
   |           `--H. variabilis
   |                |--H. v. var. variabilis
   |                `--H. v. var. odora
   |         Myrothecium
   |         Sesquicillium
   |         Spathulosporales [Spathulosporomycetes]
   |           |  i. s.: Retrostium
   |           |--Hispidocarpomyces [Hispidicarpomycetaceae]
   |           `--Spathulospora [Spathulosporaceae]
   |         Penicillium
   |           |--P. camemberti
   |           |--P. candidum
   |           |--P. chrysogenum
   |           |--P. digitatum
   |           |--P. griseofulvum
   |           |--P. notatum
   |           `--P. roqueforti
   |         Coniocybaceae
   |           |--Coniocybe
   |           |--Chaenotheca
   |           `--Sclerophora
   |         Malcaria flagellata (Hansford) Hansford 1946 [=Paranectria flagellata Hansford 1941]
   |         Oomyces [Acrospermaceae]
   |         Argynnaceae
   |           |--Argynna
   |           `--Lepidopterella
   |         Arthopyreniaceae
   |           |--Arthopyrenia
   |           |--Athrisidium
   |           `--Mycoicrothelia
   |         Asterinaceae
   |         Aulographaceae
   |           |--Aulographum
   |           `--Polyclypeolina
   |         Coccoideaceae
   |           |--Coccoidea
   |           `--Coccoidella
   |         Cookellaceae
   |           |--Cookella
   |           |--Pycnoderma
   |           `--Uleomyces
   |         Corynesporasca [Corynesporascaceae]
   |         Dacampiaceae
   |         Didymosphaeriaceae
   |           |--Didymosphaeria futilis (see below for synonymy)
   |           |--Appendispora
   |           |--Phaeodothis
   |           |--Roussoella
   |           |--Verruculina
   |           `--Cytoplea hysterioides
   |         Englerulaceae
   |           |--Englerula macarangae
   |           |--Parenglerula
   |           |--Rhizotexis
   |           |--Rhytidenglerula homalanthi [=Englerulella homalanthi]
   |           |--Schiffnerula solani
   |           `--Thrauste
   |         Eremomycetaceae
   |           |--Eremomyces
   |           `--Rhexothecium
   |         Euantennariaceae
   |           |--Euantennaria
   |           |--Rasutoria
   |           |--Strigopodia
   |           `--Trichopeltheca
   |         Lojkania [Fenestellaceae]
   |         Hypsostromataceae
   |           |--Hypsostroma
   |           `--Manglicola
   |         Leptopeltidaceae
   |           |--Dothiopeltis
   |           |--Leptopeltis
   |           |--Nannfeldtia
   |           |--Phacidina
   |           |--Ronnigeria
   |           `--Staibia
   |         Lichenotheliaceae
   |           |--Lichenostigma
   |           `--Lichenothelia
   |         Meliolina [Meliolinaceae]
   |           |--M. cladotricha [incl. M. arborescens, M. octospora]
   |           `--M. sydowiana
   |         Mesnieraceae
   |           |--Bondiella
   |           |--Helochora
   |           |--Mesniera
   |           `--Stegasphaeria
   |         Micropeltidaceae
   |         Microtheliopsis [incl. Byrsomyces, Chaetomodorus, Scutomyces; Microtheliopsidaceae]
   |           `--*M. uleana (see below for synonymy)
   |         Microthyriaceae
   |         Moriola [Moriolaceae]
   |         Mycoporum [Mycoporaceae]
   |         Mytilinidiaceae
   |           |--Lophium
   |           |--Mytilinidion
   |           |--Ostreichnion
   |           |--Ostreola
   |           `--Quasiconcha
   |         Naetrocymbaceae
   |           |--Jarxia
   |           |--Leptorhaphis
   |           |--Naetrocymbe
   |           `--Tomasellia
   |         Parmulariaceae
   |         Parodiella [Parodiellaceae]
   |         Parodiopsidaceae
   |         Piedraia [Piedraiaceae]
   |           `--P. hortae
   |         Planistromellaceae
   |           |--Comminutispora
   |           |--Eruptio
   |           |--Loratospora
   |           |--Mycosphaerellopsis
   |           |--Planistroma
   |           `--Planistromella
   |         Polystomellaceae
   |           |--Dothidella
   |           |--Munkiella
   |           `--Parastigmatea
   |         Protoscypha [Protoscyphaceae]
   |         Pyrenotrichaceae
   |           |--Cyanoporina
   |           `--Pyrenothrix
   |         Schizothyriaceae
   |         Vizellaceae
   |           |--Blasdalea
   |           `--Vizella
   |--Orbiliaceae
   `--+--Pezizales
      `--+--+--‘Graphium’ rubrum
         |  `--‘Graphium’ silanum
         |--+--+--Lichinales
         |  |  `--Lecanoromycetes
         |  `--+--Geoglossaceae
         |     `--+--+--Sordariomycetes
         |        |  `--Laboulbeniomycetes
         |        `--Leotiomycetes
         |             |  i. s.: Darkera
         |             |         Pseudeurotiaceae
         |             |           |--Connersia
         |             |           |--Leuconeurospora
         |             |           |--Neelakesa
         |             |           |--Pleuroascus nicholsonii
         |             |           `--Pseudeurotium zonatum
         |             |         Myxotrichaceae
         |             |           |--Byssoascus striatosporus
         |             |           |--Gymnostellatospora
         |             |           |--Myxotrichum defexum
         |             |           `--Pseudogymnoascus roseus
         |             |--Erysiphaceae
         |             |--Helotiales
         |             |--Thelebolaceae
         |             `--Cyttaria [Cyttariaceae, Cyttariales]
         |                  `--C. darwinii
         `--+--Arthoniales [Arthoniomycetes, Arthoniomycetidae, Dendromycetidae]
            |    |  i. s.: Arthophacopsis
            |    |         Catarraphia
            |    |         Hormosphaeria
            |    |         Llimonaea
            |    |         Nipholepis
            |    |         Perigrapha
            |    |         Pulvinodecton
            |    |         Sipmania
            |    |         Synarthonia
            |    |         Tania
            |    |         Tarbertia
            |    |         Trichophyma
            |    |         Wegea
            |    |--Arthoniaceae
            |    |--Roccellaceae
            |    |--Encephalographa [Melaspileaceae]
            |    `--Chrysotrichaceae
            |         |--Byssocaulon
            |         `--Chrysothrix
            `--Dothideomycetes

Didymosphaeria futilis [incl. Didymosphaeria pteridina, Didymosphaerella filicina Cooke 1890, Didymosphaerella felicina (l. c.)]

*Microtheliopsis uleana [incl. *Chaetomonodorus brosimi, *Scutomyces concentricus, *Byrsomyces olivaceus]

Pezizomycotina [Calycomycetidae, Discomycetes, Euascomycetes, Euascomycotina, Loculoascomycetidae, Loculomycetes, Meliolineae, Pezomycetidae]

* Type species of genus indicated

References

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