Pseudofungi

From Palaeos

<==Pseudofungi
   |--Hyphochytrium [Hyphochytrea, Hyphochytridiomycetes, Hyphochytridiomycota]
   |    `--H. catenoides
   `--Oomycetes [Biflagellatae, Dimastigomycota, Oomycota, Peronosporomycetes]
        |  i. s.: Aplanopsis terrestris
        |         Apodachlya brachynema
        |         Leptolegnia chapmanii
        |         Pythiopsis cymosa
        |         Aphanomyces
        |         Haptoglossa zoospora
        |         Nematophthora gynophila
        |         Achlya
        |           |--A. bisexualis
        |           `--A. klebsiana
        |         Pythium
        |           |--P. insidiosum
        |           |--P. irregulare
        |           `--P. ultimum
        |         Phytophthora
        |           |--P. cinnamomi
        |           |--P. infestans
        |           `--P. megaspora
        |         Plasmopara viticola
        |--Leptomitales
        |--Lagenidium [Lagenidiales]
        |    `--L. giganteum
        |--Peronospora [Peronosporales]
        |    `--P. hyoscyami
        `--Saprolegnia [Saprolegniales]
             |--S. ferax
             `--S. parasitica

* Type species of genus indicated

The Pseudofungi are a group of algae that have lost their chloroplasts, losing their ability to photosynthesize, and have become heterotrophs, many of which are important fish and plant pathogens. They, the Oomycetes especially, were mistakenly classified as being true Fungi, though they were segregated from other fungus groups because their cell walls were made of cellulose and lacked chitin entirely.

References

Cavalier-Smith, T. 1998. A revised six-kingdom system of life. Biological Reviews 73: 203-266.

Cavalier-Smith, T. 2002. The phagotrophic origin of eukaryotes and phylogenetic classification of Protozoa. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 52: 297-354.

Kerry, B. R., & W. M. Hominick. 2002. Biological control. In The Biology of Nematodes (D. L. Lee, ed.) pp. 483-509. Taylor & Francis: Florence (Kentucky).

Moriya, M., T. Nakayama & I. Inouye. 2002. A new class of stramenopiles, Placididea classis nova: Description of Placidia cafeteriopsis gen. et sp. nov. Protist 153: 143-156.

Munroe, T. A. 2002. Herrings. Family Clupeidae. In Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine (B. B. Collette & G. Klein-MacPhee, eds.) 3rd ed. pp. 111-160. Smithsonian Institute Press: Washington.

Prescott, L. M., J. P. Harley & D. A. Klein. 1996. Microbiology (3rd ed.) Wm. C. Brown Publishers: Dubuque (Iowa).

Saldarriaga, J. F., M. L. McEwan, N. M. Fast, F. J. R. Taylor & P. J. Keeling. 2003. Multiple protein phylogenies show that Oxyrrhis marina and Perkinsus marinus are early branches of the dinoflagellate lineage. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 53: 355-365.

Simpson, A. G. B., A. J. Roger, J. D. Silberman, D. D. Leipe, V. P. Edgcomb, L. S. Jermiin, D. J. Patterson & M. L. Sogin. 2002. Evolutionary history of “early-diverging” eukaryotes: The excavate taxon Carpediemonas is a close relative of Giardia. Molecular Biology and Evolution 19 (10): 1782-1791.

Whittaker, R. H. 1969. New concepts of kingdoms of organisms. Science 163: 150-160.

Credits

CKT070102