Spheniscidae

From Palaeos.org

<==Spheniscidae [Dypsicleidae, Impennes, Sphenisciformes]
   |  i. s.: Pachydyptes ponderosus Oliver 1930
   |         Duntroonornis parvus Marples 1952
   |         Korora oliveri Marples 1952
   |         Marplesornis novaezealandiae (Marples 1960)
   |         Tereingaornis moisleyi Scarlett 1984
   |         Anthropornis
   |           |--A. grandis
   |           `--A. nordenskjoeldi
   |         Palaeeudyptes
   |           |--P. antarcticus Huxley 1859
   |           |--P. gunnari
   |           `--P. marplesi Brodkorb 1963
   |         Archaeospheniscus
   |           |--A. lopdelli Marples 1952
   |           |--A. lowei Marples 1952
   |           `--A. wimani
   |         Platydyptes
   |           |--P. amiesi Marples 1952
   |           |--P. marplesi
   |           `--P. novaezealandiae (Oliver 1930)
   |         Palaeospheniscus Moreno & Mercerat 1891 (see below for synonymy)
   |           |--*P. patagonicus Moreno & Mercerat 1891 (see below for synonymy)
   |           |--P. bergi Moreno & Mercerat 1891 (see below for synonymy)
   |           |--P. gracilis Ameghino 1899 (see below for synonymy)
   |           `--P. wimani (Ameghino 1905) [=*Perispheniscus wimani]
   |         Chubutodyptes Simpson 1970
   |           `--*C. biloculata Simpson 1970
   |         Paraptenodytes Ameghino 1891 (see below for synonymy)
   |           |--*P. antarcticus (Moreno & Mercerat 1891) (see below for synonymy)
   |           |--P. brodkorbi Simpson 1972
   |           `--P. robustus (Ameghino 1905) (see below for synonymy)
   |         Arthrodytes Ameghino 1905
   |           `--*A. grandis (Ameghino 1901) (see below for synonymy)
   |         Neculus Ameghino 1905 (n. d.)
   |           `--*N. rothi Ameghino 1905 (n. d.)
   |         Palaeoapterodytes Ameghino 1905 (n. d.) (see below for synonymy)
   |           `--*P. ictus (Ameghino 1891) (n. d.) [=*Apterodytes ictus]
   |         Wimanornis seymourensis
   |         Delphinornis larsenii
   |         Anthropodyptes gilli
   |--Aptenodytes Miller 1788 [Aptenodytidae]
   |    |--A. forsteri Gray 1844
   |    |--A. patagonicus Miller 1778 [=A. patagonica]
   |    `--A. ridgeni Simpson 1972
   `--+--Pygoscelis Wagler 1832 (see below for synonymy)
      |    |  i. s.: P. tyreei Simpson 1972
      |    |--+--P. adeliae (Hombron & Jacquinot 1841)
      |    |  `--P. antarctica (Forster 1781)
      |    `--P. papua (Forster 1781)
      |         |--P. p. papua
      |         `--P. p. ellsworthii
      `--+--Spheniscus Brisson 1760
         |    |--S. humboldti
         |    `--+--S. demersus
         |       |--S. magellanicus (Forster 1781)
         |       `--S. mendiculus
         |--Eudyptula Bonaparte 1856 [Eudyptulidae]
         |    `--E. minor (Forster 1781)
         |         |--E. m. minor
         |         |--E. m. albosignata Finsch 1874
         |         |--E. m. chathamensis Kinsky & Falla 1976
         |         |--E. m. iredalei Mathews 1911
         |         |--E. m. novaehollandiae
         |         `--E. m. variabilis Kinsky & Falla 1976 [incl. E. m. septentrionalis]
         `--+--Megadyptes Milne-Edwards 1880
            |    `--M. antipodes (Hombron & Jacquinot 1841)
            `--Eudyptes Vieillot 1816 [Eudyptidae]
                 |--E. sclateri Buller 1888
                 |--+--E. chrysolophus Brandt 1837
                 |  `--E. schlegeli Finsch 1873 [=E. chrysolophus schlegeli]
                 |--+--E. pachyrhynchus Gray 1845
                 |  `--E. robustus Oliver 1953 [incl. E. atratus]
                 `--E. chrysocome (Forster 1781) [incl. E. crestatus]
                      |--E. c. chrysocome
                      |--E. c. filholi Hutton 1879 [=E. crestatus filholi]
                      `--E. c. moseleyi Mathews & Iredale 1921

*Arthrodytes grandis (Ameghino 1901) [=Paraptenodytes grandis; incl. P. andrewsi Ameghino 1901, Arthrodytes andrewsi]

Palaeoapterodytes Ameghino 1905 (n. d.) [=Apterodytes Ameghino 1901 non Hermann 1783]

Palaeospheniscus Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [incl. Paraspheniscus Ameghino 1905, Perispheniscus Ameghino 1905, Pseudospheniscus Ameghino 1905]

Palaeospheniscus bergi Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [=Pal. bergii, *Paraspheniscus bergi; incl. Pseudospheniscus concavus Ameghino 1905, Ps. convexus Ameghino 1905, *Ps. interplanus Ameghino 1905, Ps. planus Ameghino 1905, Palaeospheniscus planus Ameghino 1905, Pal. rothi Ameghino 1905]

Palaeospheniscus gracilis Ameghino 1899 [incl. P. medianus Ameghino 1905, P. nereius Ameghino 1901]

*Palaeospheniscus patagonicus Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [incl. P. affinis Ameghino 1905, P. intermedius Ameghino 1905, P. interruptus Ameghino 1905, P. menzbieri Moreno & Mercerat 1891]

Paraptenodytes Ameghino 1891 [incl. Isotremornis Ameghino 1905, Metancylornis Ameghino 1905, Treleudytes Ameghino 1905]

*Paraptenodytes antarcticus (Moreno & Mercerat 1891) [=Palaeospheniscus antarcticus; incl. *Isotremornis nordenskjoeldi Ameghino 1905]

Paraptenodytes robustus (Ameghino 1905) [=Palaeospheniscus robustus, Perispheniscus robustus; incl. *Treleudytes crassa Ameghino 1905, T. crassus, Paraptenodytes curtus Ameghino 1901, *Metancylornis curtus]

Pygoscelis Wagler 1832 [incl. Dasyramphus Hambron & Jacquinot 1841; Dasyramphidae, Pygoscelidae]

* Type species of generic name indicated

[edit] References

Banks, J. C., & A. M. Paterson. 2004. A penguin-chewing louse (Insecta: Phthiraptera) phylogeny derived from morphology. Invertebrate Systematics 18: 89-100.

Bock, W. J. 1994. History and nomenclature of avian family-group names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 222: 1-281.

Falla, R. A., R. B. Sibson & E. G. Turbott. 1981. Collins Guide to the Birds of New Zealand and Outlying Islands 2nd ed. with addenda. Collins: Auckland.

Fisher, J., & R. T. Peterson. 1964. The World of Birds: A comprehensive guide to general ornithology. Macdonald: London.

Gill, B., & P. Martinson. 1991. New Zealand’s Extinct Birds. Random Century: Auckland (New Zealand).

Heather, B. D., & H. A. Robertson. 1996. The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. Viking: Auckland.

Robertson, C. J. R. (ed.) 1985. Reader’s Digest Complete Book of New Zealand Birds. Reader’s Digest: Sydney.

Simpson, G. G. 1972. Conspectus of Patagonian fossil penguins. American Museum Novitates 2488: 1-37.

Worthy, T. H., & R. N. Holdaway. 2002. The Lost World of the Moa: Prehistoric life of New Zealand. Indiana University Press: Bloomington (Indiana).

Credits

CKT080403