Asteroidea

From Palaeos

<==Asteroidea [Asteromorpha, Phanerozonida, Pustulosida]
   |  i. s.: Petraster Billings 1858
   |           |--*P. rigidus (Billings 1857) [=Palasterina rigidus]
   |           |--P. ramseyensis [=Uranaster ramseyensis]
   |           |--P. speciosus (Miller 1880) [=Palasterina speciosa]
   |           `--P. wigleyi Branstrator 1982
   |         Staurandasteridae
   |         Hystrigaster
   |         Palasteriscus
   |         Lathanaster
   |         Palaeaster exculptus
   |         Promopalaeaster Schuchert 1915
   |         Monaster Etheridge 1892 [Monasteridae]
   |           `--*M. clarkei (de Koninck 1878)
   |         Fandasterias Blake 1995 [Fandasteridae]
   |           `--*F. facetus Blake 1995
   |         Xenaster Simonovitsch 1871
   |           `--X. margaritatus Simonovitsch 1871
   |         Jaekelaster Stürtz 1899
   |         Schlueteraster Lehmann 1957
   |         Acanthaster planci
   |         Bathybiaster vexillifer
   |         Brisinga endecacnemos
   |         Brisingella coronata
   |         Ceramaster granularis
   |         Ctenodiscus crispatus
   |         Diplopteraster multipes
   |         Hippasteria
   |           |--H. leiopelta
   |           `--H. phrygiana
   |         Hymenaster pellucidus
   |         Korethraster hispidus
   |         Leptychaster arcticus
   |         Odinia pandina
   |         Palmipes membranaceus
   |         Peltaster nidarosiensis
   |         Pontaster tenuispinus
   |         Poraniomorpha
   |           |--P. hispida
   |           `--P. tumida
   |         Psilaster andromeda
   |         Pteraster
   |           |--P. militaris
   |           |--P. obscurus
   |           |--P. pulvillus
   |           `--P. tesselatus
   |         Stichastrella rosea
   |         Rhenaster Schöndorf 1909
   |           `--R. schwerdi Schöndorf 1909
   |         Palasterina McCoy 1854
   |         Uranaster Gregory 1899
   |           `--U. kinahani (Baily 1878)
   |         Pycnopodia heliathoides
   |         Linckia guildingi
   |         Staturanderaster [incl. Gasterometra Gislén 1925]
   |           `--‘*Gasterometra’ polycirra Gislén 1925
   |         Siluraster caractaci
   |         Asterodiscus truncatus
   |--Platanaster [Platyasterida]
   `--+--Urasterellidae
      |    |--Salteraster Stürtz 1893
      |    `--Urasterella
      `--+--+--Neopalaeasteridae
         |  `--Ambuloasteroidea
         `--+--Devonaster Schuchert 1914
            `--Hudsonaster Stürtz 1900 [incl. Protopalaeaster Hudson 1912]
                 |--H. narraywayi (Hudson 1912)
                 `--H. rugosus (Billings 1857)

* Type species of generic name indicated

References

Barel, C. D. N., & P. G. N. Kramers. 1977. A survey of the echinoderm associates of the north-east Atlantic area. Zoologische Verhandelingen 156: 1-159.

Blake, D. B. 2002. Compsaster formosus Worthen & Miller (Asteroidea; Echinodermata): A Carboniferous homeomorph of the post-Paleozoic Asteriidae. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 76 (2): 357-367.

Blake, D. B., & D. R. Elliott. 2003. Ossicular homologies, systematics, and phylogenetic implications of certain North American Carboniferous asteroids (Echinodermata). Journal of Paleontology 77 (3): 476-489.

Blake, D. B., & H. Hagdorn. 2003. The Asteroidea (Echniodermata) of the Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic of Germany). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 77 (1): 23-58.

Blake, D. B., & F. H. C. Hotchkiss. 2004. Recognition of the asteroid (Echinodermata) crown group: Implications of the ventral skeleton. Journal of Paleontology 78: 359-370.

Castro, P., & M. E. Huber. 1997. Marine Biology, 2nd ed. WCB McGraw-Hill: Boston.

Matsubara, M., M. Komatsu, T. Araki, S. Asakawa, S. Yokobori, K. Watanabe & H. Wada. 2005. The phylogenetic status of Paxillosida (Asteroidea) based on complete mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36: 598-605.

O'Brien, C. O. 1981. A. A. Book of New Zealand Wildlife: A guide to the native and introduced animals of New Zealand. Lansdowne Press: Auckland.

Smith, A. B. 1997. Echinoderm larvae and phylogeny. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 28: 219-241.

Weinberg Rasmussen, H. 1978. Articulata. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology pt. T. Echinodermata 2. Crinoidea (R. C. Moore & C. Teichert, eds.) vol. 3 pp. T813-T927. The Geological Society of America, Inc.: Boulder (Colorado), and The University of Kansas: Lawrence (Kansas).

Credits

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