Placentalia

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<==Placentalia (see below for synonymy)
   |  i. s.: Phenacolophus
   |         Ernanodon antelios
   |         Paracosoryx wilsoni
   |         Plioceros dehlini
   |         Colodon occidentalis
   |         Todralestes variabilis
   |         Tingamarra Godthelp, Archer et al. 1992
   |           `--*T. porterorum Godthelp, Archer et al. 1992
   |         Kharmerungulatum Prasad, Verma et al. 2007
   |           `--*K. vanvaleni Prasad, Verma et al. 2007
   |--+--Chiroptera
   |  `--Cetferungulata
   `--+--Euarchontaglires
      |    |--Euarchonta
      |    `--+--Sinomylus
      |       `--Glires
      `--+--Lipotyphla
         `--+--Afrotheria
            `--+--Xenarthra
               `--Palaeanodonta
                    |  i. s.: Palaeanodon Matthew 1918
                    |           `--P. ignavus Matthew 1918
                    |         Eurotamandua Storch 1981
                    |           `--E. joresi
                    |--Epoicotheriidae
                    `--Metacheiromys Wortman 1903 [Metacheiromyidae]

Placentalia [Afroinsectiphilia, Altungulata, Anagalida, Archonta, Boreoeutheria, Centetoidea, Cheiroptères, Condylarthra, Dilambdodonta, Edentata, Educabilia, Eparctocyona, Epitheria, Gyrencephala, Laurasiatheria, Pedimanes, Unguiculata, Ungulata, Ungulatomorpha, Volitantia, Zalambdodonta]

* Type species of generic name indicated

References

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Arnason, U., J. A. Adegoke, K. Bodin, E. W. Born, Y. B. Esa, A. Gullberg, M. Nilsson, R. V. Short, X. Xu & A. Janke. 2002. Mammalian mitogenomic relationships and the root of the eutherian tree. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 99 (12): 8151-8156.

Asher, R. J., J. Meng, J. R. Wible, M. C. McKenna, G. W. Rougier, D. Dashzeveg & M. J. Novacek. 2005. Stem Lagomorpha and the antiquity of Glires. Science 307: 1091-1094.

Asher, R. J., M. J. Novacek & J. H. Geisler. 2003. Relationships of endemic African mammals and their fossil relatives based on morphological and molecular evidence. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 10 (1-2): 131-194.

Bergqvist, L. P., E. A. L. Abrantes & L. dos S. Avilla. 2004. The Xenarthra (Mammalia) of São José de Itaboraí Basin (upper Paleocene, Itaboraian), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Geodiversitas 26 (2): 323-337.

Bigalke, R. C. 1978. Present-day mammals of Africa. In Evolution of African Mammals (V. J. Maglio & H. B. S. Cooke, eds.) pp. 1-16. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., M. Cardillo, K. E. Jones, R. D. E. MacPhee, R. M. D. Beck, R. Grenyer, S. A. Price, R. A. Vos, J. L. Gittleman & A. Purvis. 2007. The delayed rise of present-day mammals. Nature 446: 507-512.

Burton, J. A., & V. G. Burton. 1987. Collins Guide to the Rare Mammals of the World. Collins: London.

Butler, P. M. 1978. Insectivora and Chiroptera. In Evolution of African Mammals (V. J. Maglio & H. B. S. Cooke, eds.) pp. 56-68. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

Cote, S., L. Werdelin, E. R. Seiffert & J. C. Barry. 2007. Additional material of the enigmatic Early Miocene mammal Kelba and its relationship to the order Ptolemaiida. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 104 (13): 5510-5515.

Delsuc, F., F. M. Catzeflis, M. J. Stanhope & E. J. P. Douzery. 2001. The evolution of armadillos, anteaters and sloths depicted by nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies: Implications for the status of the enigmatic fossil Eurotamandua. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B – Biological Sciences 268: 1605-1615.

Froehlich, D. J. 2002. Quo vadis eohippus? The systematics and taxonomy of the early Eocene equids (Perissodactyla). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 134: 141-256.

Long, J., M. Archer, T. Flannery & S. Hand. 2002. Prehistoric Mammals of Australia and New Guinea: One Hundred Million Years of Evolution. University of New South Wales Press: Sydney.

Luo, Z.-X., R. L. Cifelli & Z. Kielan-Jaworowska. 2001. Dual origin of tribosphenic mammals. Nature 409: 53-57.

MacPhee, R. D. E. 1994. Morphology, adaptations, and relationships of Plesiorycteropus, and a diagnosis of a new order of eutherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 220: 1-214.

Meng, J., Y. Hu & C. Li. 2003. The osteology of Rhombomylus (Mammalia, Glires): Implications for phylogeny and evolution of Glires. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 275: 1-247.

Murphy, W. J., E. Eizirik, S. J. O’Brien, O. Madsen, M. Scally, C. J. Douady, E. Teeling, O. A. Ryder, M. J. Stanhope, W. W. de Jong & M. S. Springer. 2001. Resolution of the early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics. Science 294: 2348-2351.

Patterson, B. 1978. Pholidota and Tubulidentata. In Evolution of African Mammals (V. J. Maglio & H. B. S. Cooke, eds.) pp. 268-278. Harvard University Press: Cambridge (Massachusetts).

Prasad, G. V. R., O. Verma, A. Sahni, V. Parmar & A. Khosla. 2007. A Cretaceous hoofed mammal from India. Science 318: 937.

Wible, J. R., G. W. Rougier, M. J. Novacek & R. J. Asher. 2007. Cretaceous eutherians and Laurasian origin for placental mammals near the K/T boundary. Nature 447: 1003-1006.

Credits

Christopher 16:43, 5 July 2008 (PDT)

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